PICTURE ROCKS PENNSYLVANIA CONSTRUCTION EXPERT WITNESS
DIRECTORY AND CAPABILITIES

EPA Proposes New WOTUS Definition, Narrowing Clean Water Act Jurisdiction

December 30, 2025 — Patrick J. Paul, Chris P. Colyer & John Habib - Snell & Wilmer
On November 17, 2025, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a proposed rule that would significantly narrow its regulatory authority over Waters of the United States (WOTUS). Under the new proposed WOTUS rule, EPA would effectively have jurisdiction only over relatively permanent waters and a smaller subset of directly connected wetlands. The WOTUS definition outlines the geographic reach of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ and EPA’s authority under the 1972 Clean Water Act to regulate streams, wetlands, and other water bodies. As such, it has been reviewed in boardrooms, courtrooms, and government offices for over fifty years. Most recently, on May 25, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its opinion in Sackett v. EPA. In Sackett, the Supreme Court determined that WOTUS are only (1) relatively permanent bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, and streams; or (2) adjacent wetlands indistinguishable from those waters because of a continuous surface connection. Reprinted courtesy of Patrick J. Paul, Snell & Wilmer, Chris P. Colyer, Snell & Wilmer and John Habib, Snell & Wilmer Mr. Paul may be contacted at ppaul@swlaw.com Mr. Colyer may be contacted at ccolyer@swlaw.com Mr. Habib may be contacted at jhabib@swlaw.com Read the full story...

---

Why the Renovation of Federal Reserve Headquarters Costs $2.5 Billion

January 21, 2026 — Kriston Capps - Bloomberg
For months, the renovation of the Federal Reserve’s headquarters in Washington has been a subject of friction between the White House and the central bank. On Jan. 11, Fed Chair Jerome Powell said the Justice Department had issued subpoenas in advance of a possible criminal indictment related to the ongoing work. The cost of the work has ballooned to $2.5 billion, and allies of President Donald Trump have previously pressed for an investigation. Powell described the DOJ inquiry as a pressure campaign led by the White House. Any evidence of mismanagement or fraud, as Trump administration officials have suggested, could prove a useful pretext for removing Powell, who the president has repeatedly lambasted for interest rates higher than he’d like. Read the full story...
Reprinted courtesy of Kriston Capps, Bloomberg

---

New California Law Mandates Prompt Resolution of Change Order Payment Disputes on Private Works of Improvement

January 05, 2026 — Samuel Bucher, Marc Coats & William S. Hale, P.E. - Gravel2Gavel Construction & Real Estate Law Blog
On October 10, 2025, Governor Newsom signed SB 440, titled the Private Works Change Order Fair Payment Act. The new law introduces a process and deadlines for handling change order, time extension and payment disputes on private-works construction projects. SB 440 will apply to contracts entered into on or after January 1, 2026, and will remain in effect until January 1, 2030. What Is Changing? Construction projects often undergo changes during the construction process that may result in additional costs for labor and materials. Currently, there are no specific processes mandated for resolving change orders on private works of improvement in California. On January 1, 2017, California implemented Public Contract Code section 9204 to provide a claims resolution process for contractors engaged in public works projects, and SB 440 seeks to implement a similar process for private, nonresidential construction projects. Reprinted courtesy of Samuel Bucher, Pillsbury, Marc Coats, Pillsbury and William S. Hale, P.E., Pillsbury Mr. Bucher may be contacted at samuel.bucher@pillsburylaw.com Mr. Coats may be contacted at marc.coats@pillsburylaw.com Mr. Hale may be contacted at william.hale@pillsburylaw.com Read the full story...

---

Course of Conduct Can Serve as Waiver or Modification of Parties’ Contract

December 22, 2025 — David Adelstein - Florida Construction Legal Updates
When you enter into a contract, the language in the contract means something. And if you don’t follow what the contract says, it will be used against you. It can be used to support the argument that you breached the contract. Or it can be used to demonstrate your lack of compliance with the contract does not entitle you to the recourse you are seeking. However, this does not mean under certain circumstances the language of the contract cannot be waived or modified by the parties’ course of conduct. In a recent dispute, an owner and contractor sued each other under a cost-plus contract. The contractor recorded a construction lien and moved to foreclose its construction lien. The owner claimed it was over-charged and claimed the contractor breached the contract. The contractor also claimed it was not timely paid with improperly withheld payment applications. The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of the contractor, which was affirmed on appeal based on the parties’ course of dealing:

The trial court concluded that, although the parties’ cost-plus contract required that all change orders be approved in writing, the summary judgment record established that this provision was routinely waived by the parties’ course of dealing: [owner] would orally request changes to the project; [contractor] would perform those changes; and [owner] would pay the invoices for those changes.

Moscato Corp. v. Mutchnik Construction Group, Inc., 411 So.3d 570 (Fla. 3d DCA 2025)

Read the full story...
Reprinted courtesy of David Adelstein, Kirwin Norris
Mr. Adelstein may be contacted at dma@kirwinnorris.com

---

LA Fire Victims Can Pursue City Utility Claims, Judge Rules

March 10, 2026 — Jef Feeley & Maxwell Adler - Bloomberg
The water and power utility that serves the city of Los Angeles must face hundreds of lawsuits faulting its response to the massive 2025 wildfire that leveled one of the city’s premier seaside neighborhoods and caused tens of billions of dollars in damage. In a significant victory for fire victims, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Samantha Jessner concluded in a written ruling Thursday that a unique California law allows property and business owners to pursue claims that the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power failed to supply enough water to fight the blaze that consumed the Pacific Palisades area. Over strong objections from lawyers for the nation’s largest public utility, Jessner finalized a tentative ruling she issued last week concluding victims have a legal basis to move forward with allegations a city reservoir drained for repairs left fire hydrants with inadequate water pressure and helped the wind-whipped blaze get out of control. Reprinted courtesy of Jef Feeley, Bloomberg and Maxwell Adler, Bloomberg Read the full story...

---

EPA Steps Back, Arizona Moves Forward

May 12, 2026 — Patrick J. Paul, John Habib & Sukhmani K. Singh - Snell & Wilmer
In a significant development for Arizona’s business community and environmental policymakers, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has paused its planned reclassification of Maricopa County from “Moderate” to “Serious” ozone nonattainment status pursuant to the Clean Air Act’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). This decision marks a shift in federal air policy — one that recognizes the unique challenges faced by regions like metro Phoenix, where environmental conditions beyond local control are often key contributors to air quality readings. The EPA’s move follows a series of meetings between EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin, Arizona elected officials, and business and civic leaders, including a recent roundtable in Phoenix convened by U.S. Senator Mark Kelly. In announcing the pause, Zeldin acknowledged the need for flexibility and fairness in the application of Clean Air Act standards, especially when emissions from other states, nations, and natural events significantly influence local air quality. Reprinted courtesy of Patrick J. Paul, Snell & Wilmer, John Habib, Snell & Wilmer and Sukhmani K. Singh, Snell & Wilmer Mr. Paul may be contacted at ppaul@swlaw.com Mr. Habib may be contacted at jhabib@swlaw.com Ms. Singh may be contacted at ssingh@swlaw.com Read the full story...

---

Rebuilding in Fire-Damaged Los Angeles One Year Later

January 26, 2026 — Zoltan Pali - Construction Executive
As wildfires, and subsequent mudslides become more frequent and destructive across Los Angeles, rebuilding efforts must go beyond policy reform to address a critical, often overlooked challenge: the condition of the land itself. Mayor Karen Bass’ recent executive actions–streamlining approvals, reducing fees and allowing rebuilt homes to be up to 10% larger–mark meaningful progress in cutting red tape. But while these changes may make rebuilding easier on paper, difficulties remain hidden beneath the rubble. Before the Blueprint, the Groundwork In hillside neighborhoods like Pacific Palisades, where entire communities have been reduced to ash, rebuilding does not only begin with drawings or permits–it may begin with stabilizing the land. Many of the coastal and hillside neighborhoods are naturally unstable, and since many homes were built prior to 1956–pre-codification of artificial fill for building pads–slope reinforcement, soil replacement, deep foundation systems, engineered grading or some other forms of mitigation are required. These measures are not only time-intense and highly technical, but they are also expensive and often not covered by insurance. Reprinted courtesy of Zoltan Pali, Construction Executive, a publication of Associated Builders and Contractors. All rights reserved. Read the full story...

---

Construction Expert and Judge Living in the Same Hood Is Not Grounds For Recusal

December 08, 2025 — Matthew DeVries - Best Practices Construction Law
In a recent Tennessee Court of Appeals decision, Nowaczyk v. Daniels Construction (Nov. 4, 2025), a contractor tried to disqualify the trial judge because the judge happened to live in the same neighborhood as a potential expert witness for the homeowners. The court’s response? Proximity isn’t prejudice. The dispute started when homeowners sued Daniels Construction for allegedly botched remodeling work. When the judge disclosed during a hearing that he lived near the plaintiffs’ proposed expert, the defense moved to have him recused from the case. They argued that prior cases involving the same expert had led to recusals. The trial judge, however, made clear there was no personal or professional relationship with the expert and denied the motion. Read the full story...
Reprinted courtesy of Matthew J. DeVries, Buchalter
Mr. DeVries may be contacted at mdevries@buchalter.com

---